Nota bene

All the prices in this report indicate auction results – including buyer’s premium – at public sales of Fine Art. For the purposes of this report, Fine Art means paintings, sculptures, drawings, photographs, prints, videos, installations, tapestries, but excludes antiques, anonymous cultural goods and furniture.

The $ sign refers to the US dollar and the ¥ sign refers to the Chinese yuan. The exchange rate used to convert AMMA sales results in China is an average annual rate.

Any reference to “Western Art” or “the West” refers to the global art market, minus China.

Chinese Art is divided into two main categories:
• “Chinese Painting and Calligraphy” indicates traditional Chinese art such as works in ink on a variety of substrates including Xuan paper, silk and fans. “Chinese calligraphy” is focused on lettering, words, poems and wishes, whereas “Chinese painting” represents landscapes, people, birds and flowers.
• “Oil painting and Contemporary art” indicates artworks created by Chinese artists who appropriated Western techniques and artistic media (oil painting, photography, sculpture, installation, drawing in pencil, gouache, watercolors, etc.) after an oil on canvas was presented in China for the first time in 1579.

Regarding the Western Art market, the following historical segmentation of “creative period” has been used:
• “Old Masters” refers to works by artists born before 1760
• “19th century” refers to works by artists born between 1760 and 1860
• “Modern Art” refers to works by artists born between 1860 and 1920
• “Postwar Art” refers to works by artists born between 1920 and 1945
• “Contemporary Art” refers to works by artists born after 1945